Mullard Limited was a British manufacturer of electronic components and vacuum tubes, founded in 1920 by Captain Stanley R. Mullard. The company was initially established to produce radio valves, but it later expanded its product range to include other electronic components such as capacitors, resistors, and transformers. Mullard quickly became one of the leading manufacturers of vacuum tubes in the world, with a reputation for producing high-quality and reliable products. The company's tubes were used in a wide range of applications, from radios and televisions to military equipment and scientific instruments. During World War II, Mullard played a crucial role in the development of radar technology, producing specialized tubes that were used in radar systems. The company also contributed to the development of the first electronic computers, supplying tubes for the Manchester Mark 1 computer. In the post-war period, Mullard continued to innovate and expand its product range. The company was at the forefront of the development of the transistor, producing some of the first commercial transistors in the UK. Mullard also developed new technologies for television broadcasting, including the PAL color system, which became the standard in Europe. In the 1960s, Mullard became part of the Philips group, a Dutch electronics company. Under Philips' ownership, Mullard continued to produce high-quality electronic components and vacuum tubes, but the company faced increasing competition from manufacturers in Asia. In the 1980s, Philips began to restructure its operations, and Mullard was gradually phased out as a separate brand. Today, the Mullard name is still used by some manufacturers of vacuum tubes, but the original company no longer exists. Despite its eventual demise, Mullard remains an important part of the history of electronics and a symbol of British innovation and engineering excellence. The company's products played a crucial role in the development of many technologies that we take for granted today, and its legacy continues to inspire new generations of engineers and scientists.